1×19
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1×19

一家专业从事钢丝绳的生产、研发、销售的公司,开发并生产为电梯绳生产企业做配套服务,重点为 6*19 的钢丝绳,同时兼做部分出口业务,以热镀锌钢丝绳为主
  • 产品详情
  • 钢丝绳标记 “1×19” 延续国际通用结构表示规则(ISO 2408、GB/T 8704等),其中:

    • 第一个数字“1” :表示钢丝绳为 单股结构(由1根独立的绳股捻制而成);
    • 第二个数字“19” :表示该绳股由 19根钢丝 捻制而成(典型结构为 1+6+12,即1根中心钢丝+6根第一层钢丝+12根第二层钢丝,呈多层紧密排列)。

    因此,1×19钢丝绳属于单股、多层多丝结构的钢丝绳,具有更高的刚性和承载能力,同时比1×3、1×7更耐磨损,适用于需要高稳定性、低延伸率且允许有限弯曲的场景(如起重主绳、电梯曳引绳、桥梁缆索、大型机械张紧装置等)。以下是其关键参数及说明:

    一、基本结构特征

    • 股结构:单股(1个绳股),每股由19根钢丝分两层捻制:
      • 内层:1根中心钢丝 + 6根第一层钢丝(6根外层钢丝均匀包裹中心钢丝,形成正六边形截面);
      • 外层:12根第二层钢丝(12根钢丝均匀分布在6根第一层钢丝的间隙中,进一步填充并增大截面)。
    • 捻制方式:股内钢丝的捻向(如右捻S或左捻Z)与绳的捻向(如右交互捻ZS、左交互捻SZ)组合,常见为 交互捻(减少旋转倾向,提升稳定性)。
    • 芯材:无独立绳芯(因19根钢丝已形成紧密结构,无需额外填充芯)。

    二、主要参数(参考标准及典型值)

    1×19钢丝绳的参数需结合 钢丝直径、钢丝绳公称直径、抗拉强度、破断拉力、单位长度重量 等指标,具体如下:

    1. 钢丝直径(d)与钢丝绳公称直径(D)

    • 钢丝直径(d) :单根钢丝的直径(假设所有钢丝直径相同,部分特殊结构可能采用不同直径分层设计),常见范围为 0.5mm~20mm(小直径用于精密机械,大直径用于重型起重/建筑)。
    • 钢丝绳公称直径(D) :钢丝绳外接圆直径,由多层钢丝排列决定。理论上,19根钢丝(1+6+12)的排列方式使截面更接近圆形,实际外接圆直径约为 3d~3.5d(d为钢丝直径)。
      示例:若钢丝直径d=3mm,钢丝绳公称直径D≈9mm~10.5mm(具体需根据捻制工艺调整)。

    2. 抗拉强度(σb)

    钢丝的抗拉强度等级,常见范围为 1470MPa~2160MPa(材质决定):

    • 普通碳素钢(如60#、70#):1470MPa、1570MPa、1670MPa;
    • 高强度合金钢(如80级、100级):1770MPa、1860MPa、1960MPa、2160MPa(超高强度用于重载场景);
    • 不锈钢(如304、316):1370MPa~1570MPa(侧重耐蚀性,强度略低于碳素钢)。

    3. 最小破断拉力(F₀)

    钢丝绳能承受的最大静拉力,计算公式为:
    F0=K×A×σb
    其中:

    • K:破断系数(考虑捻制损失,1×19结构因钢丝层数多、接触更均匀,K值较高,约0.92~0.98,具体需查标准或厂家数据);
    • A:钢丝绳金属截面积(≈19×(πd²/4),即19根钢丝的总截面积);
    • σb:钢丝抗拉强度(N/mm²)。

    示例:钢丝直径d=3mm,抗拉强度σb=1770MPa,K=0.95,则:
    单根钢丝截面积 A1=π×(3)2/47.07mm2,总截面积 A=19×7.07134.3mm2
    破断拉力 F0=0.95×134.3×1770225,000N(约225kN)。

    4. 单位长度重量

    与钢丝直径、密度(钢密度≈7.85g/cm³)相关,近似公式:
    m0.00617×d2×n(n为钢丝数量,此处n=19)
    示例:d=3mm时,单位重量≈0.00617×9×19≈1.05kg/m(即1050kg/km)。

    5. 其他参数

    • 捻距:股内钢丝绕中心旋转一周的轴向距离,通常为钢丝直径的20~30倍(捻距越大,柔韧性越好但刚性降低);
    • 弯曲半径:因多层结构更紧凑,最小弯曲半径约为钢丝绳公称直径的15~25倍(需避免小于此半径的反复弯曲);
    • 延伸率:静态延伸率约0.1%~0.3%(刚性高,伸长量小,适合需稳定张力的场景);
    • 表面状态:光面(无涂层)、镀锌(热镀锌为主,提升耐蚀性)、涂塑(绝缘或耐磨)。

    三、应用场景

    1×19钢丝绳因刚性强、承载高、延伸率低,主要用于:

    • 起重运输:电梯曳引绳(替代传统多股绳,简化结构)、起重机主起升绳(如港口门机、塔机)、大型吊装设备张紧绳;
    • 建筑工程:桥梁主缆索(临时固定或永久结构)、高层建筑幕墙支撑索、施工升降机导轨绳;
    • 工业设备:矿山提升机主绳(重载低速场景)、港口集装箱起重机牵引绳、大型输送机张紧装置;
    • 特种领域:海洋平台系泊索(需耐疲劳)、风电设备塔筒拉索(抗风振)、舞台机械升降索(高精度定位)。

    四、注意事项

    • 选型要点:根据负载计算破断拉力(安全系数≥5~8,重载场景需更高),并结合环境(腐蚀选热镀锌,高温选耐热钢);
    • 缺陷检测:虽钢丝数量多(19根),但外层钢丝断裂仍会降低承载力,需定期检查表面磨损、断丝(尤其关注外层12根钢丝);
    • 安装维护:避免过度弯曲(如绕过小直径滑轮),防止钢丝间挤压导致局部磨损;潮湿/腐蚀性环境需定期清洁并涂防锈油,镀锌层破损处需补涂;
    • 疲劳性能:多层结构抗疲劳性优于1×3/1×7,但仍需避免高频小幅度弯曲(如频繁绕过滑轮)。

    :具体参数以生产厂家技术文件为准(不同标准或工艺可能略有差异)。


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常见问题

阐述什么样的润滑剂可以防止钢丝绳损害?


一、光滑油具有良好的流动性和浸透能力,在钢丝绳进行光滑预处理时就能敏捷进入绳子内部以及绳芯,并能起到避免细菌在绳芯纤维内部繁殖的作用。

二、光滑油粘附在钢丝绳上不会轻易被擦掉,在规定的温度变化范围内光滑作用也不会受到影响。此外,具有粘附功能的光滑油还能防滑,这对电梯用钢丝绳附着摩擦力供给了协助。

三、有着较高的油膜强度,能在极重载荷下抵抗彼此接触的钢丝之间存在的极高压力,还能抗分解、蜕变。

四、光滑油油脂具有较高的内聚力,可以避免光滑油的滴落,没有运动时离心甩失,避免油脂糟蹋以及对其他设备的污染。

五、不含有会引起钢丝绳产生腐蚀、生锈的成分,防腐蚀、防锈蚀的作用更佳。

六、其自我修正的能力强,钢丝绳运用时不断产生曲折,会使其表面油膜不断揉捏扩张。这就需求柔软的并且有较高温润性的油膜来维护绳体免于开裂。

钢丝绳的分类有哪些?


1、电动葫芦钢丝绳:6*37+FC-11/13/15/17.5
2、塔吊钢丝绳和多层股不旋转钢丝绳:6*19+FC-12/12.5,6*37-13/14,6*29FI+FC-12/12.5,4v39s+5FC-12/13/14,35W*7-12/13/14
3、汽车吊不旋转钢丝绳:4V39S+5FC-10/12/13/14/16/17,35W*7-10/12/13/14/15/16/17/18/20/22
4、打桩机扁丝钢丝绳:K6K36WS+IWR-/17.5/24/26/28/30/32/34/36/40/42/46
5、旋挖机扁丝钢丝绳:35W*K7-24/26/28/30/32/36/40
6、码头吊机钢丝绳:6*36WS+IWR-17.5/19.5/21.5/24/26
7、矿山钢丝绳6*19+FC-12.5/14/15.5/17/18.5/21.5/24.5/26/28,6*19S+FC-12.5/14/15.5/17/18.5/21.5/24.5
8、电梯钢丝绳:8*19S+FC-10/11/12/13/16
9、热镀锌吊篮钢丝绳:4*31WS+PPC-8.3/8.6
10、热镀锌钢丝绳:6*19/6*37/6*36WS/8*61/8*36WS/
11、电镀锌钢丝绳:6*7+FC-/2/3/4
6*19+FC-5/6/7.7/9.3/11,6*12+7FC-5/6/7.7/9.3/11,7*19-5/6/8/10,19*7-4/5/6/8/10,6*37+FC-8.7/9.3/11/13/15/17.5/19.5
12、大直径钢丝绳:60MM以上
13、钢丝绳索具(插编、压制、浇筑、连接件等):
14、涂塑钢丝绳:2-3/3-4/4-5/5-6/6-8/8-12/12-15
15、捆绑钢丝绳:6*12/6*15-13/14/15
前面代表结构,后面代表直径。比如:6*37+FC-11,代表结构是6*37+FC,直径:11MM

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